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2 sheets-sheet 1.

(No Model.)

s. L. WIBGAND.. PORTABLE FURNACE,

Patented Jan'. 12, 1886'.

INVENTOR W|TNEssEs= OV C@ Q M?? i N. PETERS. Phumnlmgmpner. waslungwn, D. C.

(No Model.)

' 2 sheetssheet 2. S. L. WIBGAND.

APORTABLE PURNAGB. No. 334,400. Patented Jan. 12, 1886.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR www. I j ...g mZ/MQ Z4-@L5 N. FILTERS. Pham-Linnxgmplmr. wdshmglon. D. C.

UNITED STATES v S. LLOYD PATENT OFFICE.'

WIEGAND, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO I THE ECONOMY KINDLING WOOD STOVE COMPANY.

PORTABLE FURNAG E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 334,400, dated January l2, 1886.

Application filed May 18, 18H5.

To (LZZ whom it may' concern.:

Be it known that I, S. LLOYD WIEGAND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain object the greater strength and durability of the stove, more effective cooking, economy of fuel, and convenience `when in use, and lightness and compactness for purposes of storage and transportation.

. To effect these desiderata, this invention may be said to consist in the combination, with a furnace formed of light material, of a surrounding casing, of cylindric or other convex form, which aftbrds a support to top of the stove and cooking utensils resting thereon and prevents the discomfort from escaping` heat,

and utilizes much ofthe heat by reflecting it towardthe furnace; also, in an improved mode of connecting the stove to the oven or other stove-fixture to which the stovel may be applied, combined therewith an oven of improved construction, in which baking by the hot products of combustion delivered from the stove is effected with but slight loss by radiation, and a chimney combined with such oven, whereby the stove may be used in the yopen air, or when a,used in houses having a permanent flat-topped range or stove connected with a chimney the draft of such chimney through the stove may be used. Incidentally th'e invention involves an arrangement of flues direct-l Figure l represents a side elevation of the' entire apparatus as erected for use in the open air as a campstove; Fig. 2, a plan view thereof; Fig. 3, a vertical section in the plane indicated by the dotted line :v a: in Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a transverse vertical section in the plane `'indicated by the dotted line y y in Fig. 2; 14, a detail therein enlarged; Fig. 5, a section vof the furnace in the plane indicated by the dotted line z z in Fig. 2. Fig. 6 shows a section of the apparatus as packed for transportation. Fig. 7 shows the invention as arranged for use on a cooking-range for baking and boiling simultaneously, and Fig. 8 shows the invention as arranged for boiling and broiling only. The same letters of .reference apply to the same parts in the several figures of the drawl1n s.

gA represents an outer shell, of circular or foval shape, formed of smooth bright plate metal, so as to have good reflecting-surfaces,l vrand wired or doubled over or hemmed7 at the lower edge or rim, A', so as to stiften 1t. The upper edge, A2, is seamed or locked into the furnace-top B, of thin metal and of circular or oval form. l In the furnace-top B are two openings, B and BZ, of circular forni, adapted to fit culinary vessels, and provided with covers B, or griddles, also formed of thin metal. To the under side' of the furnace-top B is vfastened the furnace-chamber C, made of duct-` Aile metal in the shape of a trough, and having flanges O upon the upper edges of its sides C2, by which it is riveted to the furnace-top B, preferably by rivets having countersunk l'heads on the upper side, so as to be flush with the upper surface of the furnace-top B, and With the countersinks for receiving the head Vformed by making conical depressions in the .plate B and the ange C by stamping the metal into that form with a suitable punch or die, thus avoiding projections on the furnace-1 B is marked D', and in the iiange C' is markedY D2, and the lower or button head of the rivet D3. The proportions of the furnace-chamber C are such that the bottom O3 is above the-lower'.

edge, A', of the shell A, and is narrower than the top of the chamber C, so that the sides C converge toward the bottom. The furnace-v chamber does not extend the entire length ofthe shell A, but at the upper end, at a short distance from the shell A, is connected to the plate B, and near to the upper end has attached to it a cylindric flue-tube, E, projecting downwardly, and at the other in a partition, G4, forming the front of the fuel or furnace chamber, reaching from the plate B not quite to the bottom of the trough, leaving a space for the admission of air to the fuel. The trough of the furnace C is extended beyond the partition C4 to the shell A, to which it fits closely, and an aperture, F, is made in the shell A, through which air is admitted to the trough C, and the supply thereof is regulated by a door or gate, F', sliding thereon. The bottom C3 of the furnace-chamber C is inclined toward the partition Ct, so that the fuel will tend to lic near the intlowing aircurrent passing under the partition G4, and avoid obstruction of the flue-tube E, and refiect the flame and heat upwardly and backward upon the under side of the plate B, the converging sides C2, as they approach the liuc-tube E, also contributing to the same effect. Theiiuctube E is of such a length as to be sufficiently above the lower edge, A', of the shell A not to come in contact with any of theproiections usual from warping or defective molding of the top plates of stoves when the shell A is rested thereon.

Upon the tube E is fitted closely, but sufficiently loose to slide up and down freely, a blunt conical collaror inverted funnel, E', of sufficient external diameter to cover the ordinarygriddle or pot hole opening of a stove or range top. A bead or collar, E2, formed on the lower end of the tube E prevents the cone E' from becoming detached. \Vhen placed upon the top of a stove or range, or the oven G, hereinafter described, forming a part of this invention, the rim of the funnel E2 adapts itself to deviations from level in the surface upon which it rests, and causes air drawn into the opening over which it is placed to fiow through the furnace C and fine E.

Beneath the furnace C,and within the shell A, is placed a reiieeting-plate, A, the function of which is to diminish the waste of heat by radiation from the furnace C.

The oven G of this apparatus consists of rtwo chambers or inverted boxes, G' and G2` with fiat tops, preferably cylindrie or elliptic in form, the inner and smaller one, G', being of sufficient size to contain the furnace, and the larger chamber,G2, such size as to tit over the smaller one, G', and leave a space sufficient to form a flue, Gi, enveloping the smaller chamber in the heated products of combustion,and, in addition thereto, a space sufficient at the part G4 to contain a chimney, H.

In the top of the chamber G'l is an opening, G5, through which theproducts of combustion from the furnace enter the oven, the furnace being placed on top of the oven G with the flue E over the opening G5, and the rim of the collar E' resting on the flat top of the oven. Upon the outer side of the chamber G are placedwings or projecting flanges G, so as to center the chamber G in the chamber G2, and to so guide or direct the fiow of the products of combustion in the fine G3 that they may evenly heat the oven. The base J of the oven is made similarin form to the top thereof,with a rim, J', projecting upwardly,of such size as to fit around the lower rim of the chamber G2, and another rim, J2, projecting downwardly, upon which it rests. The base J consists of three plates of metal having spaces between them, the lower one, J3, and middle one, J', being of bright-surfaced refiecting metal, and the upper one, J5, being of metal having good heatconductingproperties. Theupperplate, J5, has a rim, Je, fitting closely but not tightly into the lower rim of the chamber G', leaving a fine, J6, between the plates J* and Ji", the plates J4 and J5 being secured to each other by pillars or braces J l, which serve to stil-'fen these plates as well as hold them together. From an opening, J, in the plate J't is a fine-tube, K, leading downwardly, and having a bead, K', upon its lower end, for retaining upon it a blunt conical collaigK'l. rlhe relation of the collar K'I and tube K and its proportions in reference to the rim J2 is the same as the flue E and collar E' to the rim A' on the furnace, the function ofthe iiue and collar being to afford a means of connecting the oven G to the draft through the griddle or pot hole openings of a stove or range, and when stood upon the ground to close the opening of the fine J. Through the top of the chamber G2 is a chimney, H,

J1", in the plate J5. This chimney H is preferably made slightly tapering, with the larger end downward. Into itslides a series of si milarly-tapered eXtensions,H, H2,and H3, which, when extended, make a chimney reaching considerably above the furnace and fit closely in each other, and when closed into each other are contained within thehcight of the oven G. A covering plate or cap, H", supported by pillars H5, forms the upper termination of the inner section and acts as chimney-cap to promote draft when extended, and when closed down, fitting closely on the top of the oven G, closes t-he chimney. Handles L L, preferably with wood or other slow-conducting coverings, are attached to the furnace-shell A, by means of which the furnace can be lifted, and similar handles, M M, are attached to the oven G, for like purposes.

In the top of the chamber G' of the oven is asmall opening, G, provided with adamper, by means of which any steam or fumes from the cooking can pass into the fine G3, and a small opening, G, is also made near the bottom of the oven, by means of which a portion of the products of combustion can be passed through the oven when in operation, producing an effect of browning not obtained by the heat as conducted through the material of the oven.

The operation of thisinvention is as follows: When packed, the chimney H is teleseoped IOO extending down to and fitting upon a collar,

IIO

IIR

into the oven, the furnace in its shell A is placed on the plate J3, and the oven G placed over it, producing a compact package resembling in form a small band-box. When required for use in bakingv in a dwelling where there is a flat-top range, the oven G is placed upon the top of the range, with a griddle thereof removed and the flue-tube over such opening, the rim of the collar K3 resting with its edge upon the flat surface of the stove, the oven restingY upon the base J, with the rim J2 thereof supported by the stove, the chimney His closed downA so that the cap H4 is closed upon the top of the oven G. The furnace is placed upon the oven G, with its rim A resting thereon, the flue E being over the opening G3,and the collar E resting upon the top of the ovenG. -Lightkindling material# such as paper or shavings-being placed in the furnace-chamber G, and small pieces of wood or charcoal placed thereon through the opening B', the openings B and B2 are closed by the griddles B3, and the draft-slide F -being opened thekindlings are ignited by alighted match or dame introduced through the opening F. The air flows in through the open` ing F to the fuel, and the products of combustion pass from the fuel in the converging space in the chamber C to the descending flue E, through which they are drawn down, and, passing through the opening G3 in the top of the oven G, enter the flue-space G3, and thus envelop the inner chamber, G', in hot products of combustion, which, passing thence from the lower part of the liue G3, enter the flue-space' J6 in the base J of the oven between the plates J 4 and J 3, and from there are discharged downwardly through the flue K into the stove or range, the chimney-draft of which carries them away. In their transit through the flues surrounding the oven-chamber the products of combustion impart most of their heat to the oven and its contents. Vhen used as a camp cooking apparatus, the flue K is closed by the collar or cone K2 resting upon the ground or other fiat surface, and the telescoping chimney H being extended the draft is produced by and the smoke and products of combustion are discharged through it. When the oven is sufficiently heated, the articles of food are placed upon proper supports on the base J, and the oven and furnace replaced and the cooking proceeds.l When merely boiling or broiling are to be performed and the operation conducted where there is a stove or range having a good draft, the oven G is dispensed with and the furnace stood directly upon the stove with the flue-E over the opening in the range-top and the collar E resting upon thev stove-top. Articles tobe boiled arethenplaced over the openings B and B3, and the cooking ,speedily takes place, because, first, but very little heat is expended or wasted in heating the material forming the stove, and much of the heat radiated is retained by the reecting properties of the body A, reflecting-plate A3, and the outer skin of the oven G2 and reiiecting-surfaces J3 and J3, so that but little heat is Wasted, and in warm weather the comfort of attendants is greatly promoted by confining and directing the heat that would otherwise be lost into the cooking utensils and their contents.

It is obvious that portions of this inventionv may be used separately-as, for instance, the stove without the reflecting-shell A, or with the reflecting-shell A and Without replacingplate A3. The operation of, the remaining parts, although less perfect, is yet useful.

I am aware that portable stoves have been made of both cast and Wrought metal, wherein the products of combustion were discharged into the flue or furnaceof a stove havingV a chimneydraft; also, that portable stoves have been made wherein the oven was constructed to contain the furnace and other parts for purposes of transportation 0r storage. None of these do I claim.

By retaining the heat by a reflecting jacket and plates and suspending the furnace from its upper edge I am enabled to employ lighter metal than would be admissible were the furnace supported from below, and less heat be-v ing absorbed by the material of the furnace and less loss by radiation the heat from the fuel is morefully and immediately utilized, thus saving both time and fuel.

Having described the said invention and the mode of operating the same, what I claim l. The furnace C, consisting of an inclined bottom, C3, connected at the rear to the plate B, sides C3, partition C4, draft-opening F, and descending iiue E,combined with the top plate, B, and reflecting and supporting casing A, constructed to operate as set forth.

2. The furnace C, consisting of the inclined bottom G3, partition C4, sides C2, draft-opening F, and descending flue E, suspended from and in combination with the. horizontal top plate, B, and reiecting-plate A3, constructed and arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

3. In a portable stove or furnace formed of light ductile metal for culinary use, the combination of the refiecting shell or jacket A with the furnace top B, the furnace-chamber G, with converging sides and inclined bottom, the partition C4, draft-opening F, flue E, having a funnel, E, thereon, and the reecting-plate A3, all constructed and arranged substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a port-able furnace or summer cooking-stove, the combination of the fiat top plate, B, supported by its outer edges, and having openings B B2 therein for the reception of IIO cooking-vessels, with a furnace suspended from sides, top, and bottom of which are constructcd with double plates and with dues between said plates, through which hot products of combustion may bejcirculated from a furnace, with a descending tlue, K, and a telescoping chimney, H, susceptible of two adjustments, whereby in one adjustment the products of combustion are discharged .through the chimney, and in the other the chimney is closed and theproducts of combustion escape through the flue K, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of the furnace C, hav ing a descending ue, E. and collar or cone E', with the oven G, having an opening, G5, a surrounding fille, partitions G6, and openings Gu and G12, communicating from the interior S. LLOYD VVIEGAND.

Witnesses:

VAN WYoK BUDD, J. DANIEL EBY. 

